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Types
of Mesothelioma Lung Cancer - Peritoneal,
Pleural & Pericardial Mesothelioma
Peritoneal
Mesothelioma
Peritoneal
Mesothelioma is when the abdominal
lining of the abdomen becomes cancerous
or malignant and could develop into
a full mesothelioma tumor. Take a
look at the diagram below to see the
abdominal lining, which is also known
as the Peritoneum (marked in blue).
The peritoneum is an insulator or
covering for all the organs that exist
in the abdomen. It is made up of 2
parts:
i) Visceral peritoneum:
Insulates the internal organs of the
abdomen and comprises of most of the
outer layer of the intestinal tract.
ii) Parietal peritoneum:
Insulates the abdominal cavity.
Pleural
Mesothelioma
Pleural
mesothelioma occurs when the pleural
sac surrounding the lungs, abdomen
and ribs becomes malignant or cancerous
due to asbestos exposure. The pleural
sac, or plainly known as the pleura,
contains a thin membrane called the
mesothelium. It is the job of the
mesothelium to secrete fluids that
permits the lungs to expand and contract
when breathing. Take a look at the
image below to see the lungs, ribs
and how the pleura insulates all these
organs. When a person inhales asbestos
fibres, a build up of these fibres
occurs in the lungs. Because these
fibres are ultra small and microscopic,
they can very easily penetrate through
the walls of the lung and into the
pleural cavity, and the abdominal
cavity. As these asbestos fibres progress
from the lungs into the pleural cavity,
they destroy the mesothelium by mutilating
and shredding it. Destruction of the
mesothelium potentially leads to cancerous
diseases such as mesothelioma.
Pericardial
Mesothelioma
Pericardial mesothelioma
is a type of cancer that makes the
lining of the heart (also known as
the Pericardium), cancerous or malignant.
It is also referred to as mesothelioma
in the pericardium or pericardial
sac. Found in less than 10% of all
cases, pericardial mesothelioma is
a rare type of secondary lung cancer.
How pericardial mesothelioma is formed
is not well known; the research is
not out there. Unlike pleural mesothelioma
where asbestos fibers enter into the
lungs and inject into the lining of
the lungs (pleura), such is not the
case for pericardial mesothelioma.
Check out the image
below that shows the placement of
the pericardium in the heart. The
pericardium is the thin sac enclosing
the heart. As asbestos fibers enter
the lungs, they may be broken down
into very small pieces that enter
into the bloodstream of the body after
the heart oxygenizes blood flow. As
asbestos fibers pump through the heart,
they invade the pericardium. Upon
invasion of the pericardium, they
cause scarring and inflammation of
the heart, thus beating the body's
natural defenses. This leads to chest
pain, chronic cough and problems with
breathing. Also, if symptoms are left
to persist, the pericardium can unnaturally
expand thus constricting the normal
functioning of the heart and causing
heart failure.
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